Cross-Examining the Machine: Challenging AI-Assisted Expert Opinions at Trial

Frank Ramos, Partner | Goldberg Segalla

Frank Ramos is a nationally recognized litigator with more than 26 years of experience defending clients in civil matters, including retail, product liability, premises liability, trucking, insurance, and commercial disputes. He has taken numerous cases to verdict and advises businesses across the hospitality, retail, development, and fitness industries. His product liability work spans toxic exposure and personal injury claims in pharmaceuticals, construction, medical devices, and automotive sectors. Twice named Miami’s Product Liability Lawyer of the Year by Best Lawyers in America, Frank is also a leading voice on AI adoption, helping clients navigate legal and regulatory challenges. A prolific author and mentor known as the “Miami Mentor,” he has written 20 books and over 500 articles guiding the next generation of lawyers.

• Education & Credentials

Frank earned his J.D., magna cum laude, from the University of Miami School of Law in 1997 and his B.A., summa cum laude, from Florida International University in 1993. He is admitted in Florida and before the U.S. District Courts for the Middle and Southern Districts of Florida, and holds a Martindale-Hubbell AV Preeminent peer review rating.

• Recognition & Leadership

The Best Lawyers in America named Frank Miami’s “Lawyer of the Year” for Product Liability Litigation – Defendants in 2020 and 2023 and for Personal Injury Litigation – Defendants in 2025, and has listed him in Commercial Litigation, Insurance Litigation, Product Liability Litigation – Defendants, and Personal Injury Litigation – Defendants. He has been recognized by Florida Super Lawyers from 2013 through 2026, by Florida Trend’s Florida Legal Elite from 2009 through 2023, and by Forbes as one of America’s Best-in-State Lawyers in 2025. The Florida Bar named him its 2025 Mentor of the Year, and the Federation of Defense and Corporate Counsel has honored him with its Andrew C. Hecker Award (2024) and President’s Award (2020, 2022), among other distinctions.

• Professional Involvement

Frank has been a member of the Federation of Defense and Corporate Counsel since 2006, serving on its Board of Directors and Executive Committee (2023–25) and as Vice Chair of its AI Committee (2024–25). He is a member of DRI’s Artificial Intelligence Task Force and previously served on DRI’s Board (2013–16). A member of The Florida Bar since 1997 and of the Florida Defense Lawyers Association since 1998, he served as FDLA President in 2009.

• Experience

Known as the “Miami Mentor,” Frank has written more than 500 articles, delivered over 400 presentations to lawyers and claims professionals, and authored 20 books published by organizations including the Federation of Defense and Corporate Counsel, DRI, and the American Bar Association. His recent work addresses AI and the courtroom, including “The New Expert Fight: Rule 707 and the Battle Over AI-
Generated Evidence” (Daily Business Review, March 17, 2026) and presentations on AI at trial, AI ethics, and the use of AI by civil defense lawyers for bar and defense organizations nationwide.

Jarod Stewart, Partner | Steptoe LLP

Jarod Stewart is a partner in Steptoe’s Houston office and chair of the firm’s Commercial Trials & Litigation group. A seasoned litigator and trial lawyer, he has represented plaintiffs and defendants in business divorces, trade secrets disputes, healthcare litigation, fraudulent-transfer lawsuits, oil and gas disputes, and transnational cases involving Latin America, with a primary focus on clients in the energy and healthcare industries. He writes and speaks regularly on artificial intelligence in litigation and the courtroom.

• Education & Credentials

Jarod earned his law degree, cum laude, from Duke University School of Law, where he was Executive Editor of the Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy and a member of the Moot Court Board, and his B.A. from Brigham Young University, where he was a Pi Sigma Alpha member and University Scholar. He clerked for the Hon. Lee H. Rosenthal of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas. He is admitted in Texas, before the U.S. District Courts for the Southern, Northern, and Eastern Districts of Texas, and before the U.S. Courts of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and the District of Columbia. He speaks Spanish.

• Recognition & Leadership

Jarod was named among Lawdragon 500’s Leading Energy Lawyers (2025) and to the Legal 500 Houston City Elite for Commercial Disputes (2025). He has been recognized by Texas Super Lawyers in Business Litigation and General Litigation (2021–2025), previously as a “Rising Star” (2013, 2016–2020), and by Benchmark Litigation on its Under 40 Hot List (2016–2019) and as a “Future Star” (2015–2024).

• Professional Involvement

Jarod serves as Houston Chapter Chair of the J. Reuben Clark Law Society and is a Fellow of the Texas Bar Foundation.

• Experience

Jarod has won significant victories in court, arbitration, and administrative proceedings, including defending a renewable energy company in a bet-the-company Delaware Chancery Court lawsuit, recovering tens of millions of dollars in fraudulent transfers for the trustee of a bankrupt oil and gas company in a ruling upheld by the Fifth Circuit, and representing hospital systems in managed care, commercial, and class action disputes. On AI and the courts, he co-authored “Rules Governing AI in Courtrooms Lag Behind Tech Advancement” (Bloomberg Law, July 22, 2025), spoke on “Legal Liability in the Age of Autonomous AI: Who’s Accountable?” at The AI Governance & Strategy Summit – New York (May 2025), and served as a panelist for “From Clauses to Courtrooms: How AI is Shaping Legal Practice” for the Association of Corporate Counsel, Houston Chapter (February 2026).

SESSION 1 – Challenging AI-Assisted Expert Opinions: Discovery, Depositions, and Daubert Strategy | 2:00pm – 3:00pm

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used by expert witnesses to analyze evidence, develop opinions, and assist in drafting expert reports, raising new questions about transparency, reliability, and methodological soundness. This session equips litigators with practical strategies for evaluating and challenging AI-assisted expert opinions before trial, from expert discovery and depositions to Rule 702 and Daubert motions. Attendees will learn how to scrutinize expert methodology, identify weaknesses in AI-assisted analyses, and develop effective strategies for challenging the reliability of AI-assisted testimony. By the end of the session, attorneys will be able to develop targeted discovery requests, conduct effective depositions of AI-assisted experts, and structure persuasive Rule 702 and Daubert arguments.

BREAK | 3:00pm – 3:10pm

SESSION 2 – Admitting and Excluding AI-Generated Evidence: Authentication and Reliability at Trial | 3:10pm – 4:10pm

This session examines the evidentiary standards governing the admission and exclusion of AI-generated and AI-enhanced evidence at trial, covering authentication burdens, hearsay classifications, and the developing federal and state rule frameworks. Attorneys will learn how proposed FRE 707 would reshape foundation requirements for machine-generated outputs, how proposed FRE 901(c) would govern AI deepfakes if enacted, how courts are applying existing rules on reliability, authentication, and hearsay in the absence of AI-specific standards in effect including in important cases such as Mendones v. Cushman & Wakefield and State v. Puloka. Attendees will leave with practical frameworks for both sponsoring and challenging AI-generated and AI-enhanced evidence.